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Bihari Languages

Bihari Languages constitutes of Bhojpuri, Maithili and Magahi (Magahi). However others include; Angika, Sadri, Fiji Hindi, Kudmali, Panchpargania, Sarnami Hindustani, Surajpuri, Vajjika.

Bhojpuri Language

Bhojpuri is spoken in the western districts of Bihar such as Champaran, Saran, Shahabad, Palamau and Ranchi. Although the Ranchi district is mainly populated by Adivasis, the common language of the people is Sadari or Sadani, which is a form of Bhojpuri. Bhojpuri-speakers are also found in north-western Muzaffarpur and the Pirpanti and Golgong police stations of theBhagalpur district. There are more than ten million Bhojpuri-speaking people in Bihar. It is spoken also in the Varanasi and Gorakhpur divisions of Uttar Pradesh. Bhojpuri areas have helped much in the growth of Hindi literature. Although Bhojpuri has no such old written literature as Maithili has, the love with which its speakers cherish it is just as great. Bhojpuri is so called after the language of Bhojpur, a pergana of the Shahabad district.

The Bhojpuri people have a distinct and virile tradition and were famous in the past for their bravery. Bhojpuri is spoken in various forms and its grammatical structure differs in many respects from the other two languages in Bihar. It has peculiarities of declension and conjugation not found elsewhere. On the whole, its grammar is simpler than that of Maithili and Magahi.

Except in a few isolated instances, the form of the verb depends only on the subject. Bhojpuri is written in Kaithi, a script ascribed to the Kayasthas, the scribes of India, but this script is nowadays being given up by educated people in favour of Devanagri. A mass of oral literature is extant in Bhojpuri in the form of folk-songs, folk-tales and legends and it abounds in proverbs and riddles. In the works of such saintly poets as Kabir, Dharamdas, Dharnidas, Daryadas, and Lakshmi Sakhi, the influence of Bhojpuri is immense.

In recent times, many collections of folk literature have been published by Grierson, Ram Naresh Tripathi, Krishnadeva Upadhyay, Durga Shankar, Prasad Singh and W. G. Archer, and Sankata Prasad. The famous poem 'Batohia' written by Raghubir Narayan and the play entitled 'Bidesia' by Bhikari Thakur have made history by their popularity. Bhikari Thakur is the people's poet in Bhojpuri and in his poems are reflected the joys and sorrows, the toils and tears of the simple rural folk of his area.

Article on Bhojpuri provided by Bihar.ws

Bihar today is a great and exciting place to visit.

Maithili Language

Maithili Language Maithili is one of the three subsets; Maithili, Magahi, and Bhojpuri of the Bihari language. Roughly speaking, we may say that Maithili occupies North Bihar, east of the river Gandak, although towards the east it has crossed the Ganges and is spoken in parts of South Bihar. Magahi occupies South Bihar, east of the Son, and the northern of the two plateaux of Chota Nagpur. Bhojpuri occupies the southern plateau of Chota Nagpur and the the country north and south of the Ganges as far west as, say, Benares.

Maithili and Magahi are much more closely related to each other than either is to Bhojpuri. Indeed, the last named might almost be called a separate language. Besides these there are speakers of the various Bihari dialects scattered all over Northern India and even in the Deccan. Turning more specially to Maithili, the standard form of the language is that spoken in the Madhubani subdivision of the Darbhanga district, and in the adjoining portion of the district of Bhagalpur. It is this form which is described in the present grammar.

Maithili is spoken in its greatest purity by the people of the north of the Darbhanga and Bhagalpur districts, and by those of western Purnea. These men have a literature and traditions that retarded the corruption of the dialect. It is also spoken with some purity, but with more signs of the wearing away of inflexions, in the south of the Darbhanga District, and in those portions of the Monghyr and Bhagalpur Districts which lie on the northern bank of the Ganges. This may be called Southern Standard Maithili. To the east, in Purnea, it becomes more and more infected with Bengali, till, in the east of that District it is superseded by the Siripuria dialect of that language which is a border form of speech, Bengali in the main, but containing expressions borrowed from Maithili, and written, not in the Bengali character, but in the Kaithi of Bihar.

The Maithili spoken in Purnea may be called Eastern Maithili. South of the Ganges, Maithili is influenced more or less by the Magahi spoken to its west, and, partly also by Bengali. The result is a well-marked dialect, locally known as Chika-chiki bolt, from its frequent use of the syllable ' chile,' the base on which the Verb Substantive is conjugated. The Maithili spoken in the Muzaffarpur District, and in a strip of country on the western side of Darbhanga, is strongly infected by the neighbouring Bhojpuri spoken in various forms in the adjacent district of Saran and in the greater part of Champaran. So much is this the case, that, as spoken by some people, it is difficult to say whether the dialect is Maithili or Bhojpuri. It may be called Western Maithili.

Bhojpuri Songs

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Comment by Ranjan Pandey on September 8, 2011 at 1:02pm: Bhojpuri is really sweet language

Comment by MD NEZAMUDDIN NESHAT on August 8, 2011 at 9:45am: HI there need to little bit improve related to Maithili Language, Bengali languange started from Maithili Languange only even we can say maithili is mother of Bengali language

Comment by Ajay kumar jha on March 24, 2011 at 10:28am: bhojpure bihari language ka bat he kuch alag wa

Comment by kamlesh sharma on March 6, 2011 at 10:45am: BHOJPURI IS SWEET LANGUGE OF WHOLE WORLD BECOUSE I AM BIHARI

Comment by kamlesh sharma on March 6, 2011 at 10:44am: CHHAPRA JINDABAD SARAN JINDABAD BIHAR JINDABAD

Comment by Shalu Sharma on December 15, 2010 at 3:22pm: Bhojpuri has become the 3rd largest Indian language to be spoken outside India.

Comment by Abhay Kr. Singh on October 28, 2010 at 9:36pm: Bhojpuri antarrastriya bhasha ha. I Fiji, mauritus me bhi bolal jala. Lekin i bhasha ke abhi tak rashtriya pahchan na milal ego lamahar bidambana ba hamara desh khatir.

Comment by Abhay Kr. Singh on October 28, 2010 at 9:33pm: BHOJPURI ke aathavi anusuchi me samil karke bhojpuri ke rastriya astar par pahchan hokhe ke chahi.

Comment by RAJNISH KUMAR on September 5, 2010 at 5:51pm: WHY U HAV WRITTEN VERY LESS ABOUT MAGAHI LANGUAGE ITS THE MAIN LANGUAGE OF PROUDFULL MAGADH

Comment by mahendar ram on May 24, 2010 at 5:52pm: Iam from hyd and i like bhojpuri so much because its the language which had so sweet not in india but in the whole world so i like bhojpuri language so much
i pray from god that you had done me a very good thing that is in to born in bhoj puri family k bhojpuri bhaiya log ke hamar pranam

Comment by Vishal Chandra Dubey on March 28, 2010 at 1:54am: muzaffarpur zindabad, motihari zindabad, bhojpuri zindabad...............

Comment by Vishal Chandra Dubey on March 28, 2010 at 1:52am: i love bhojpuri thats why i hear bhojpuri songs in my mobile& laptop

Comment by Vishal Chandra Dubey on March 28, 2010 at 1:50am: i love bhujpuri & i always speak the language between my relations & friends

Comment by Mantosh Kumar on February 9, 2010 at 2:38pm: Bhojpuri language is the best language in the whole world. I love it & I respect it.
thanks to all of you to join this site. I Love Bihar

Comment by Laljeet kumar on January 14, 2010 at 5:03pm: I love my language as far as Maghai i speek allways in maghai between our relation

Comment by SANJAY on December 25, 2009 at 8:04pm: I love Bihar & I love to speak all the languages of Bihar.

Comment by christina on December 24, 2009 at 12:37pm: I appreciate all the info on languages, I love YouBihar!

Comment by Shankar Kumar on September 30, 2009 at 11:38pm: Hi I M Shankar Kumar From, Jharkhand state in Dhanbad Dist.
& I M Working in Prabhat Khabar. Advt. Department in Organization: - Neutral Publishing House Ltd.
The house publishes the Jharkhand’s highest circulated Hindi daily Newspaper PRABHAT KHABAR

Comment by Pankaj Kumar Singh on August 18, 2009 at 11:13am: I am Pankaj kumar Singh belong from "mithilanchal" Darbhanga (ladho, Biroul)

Comment by Pankaj Kumar Singh on August 18, 2009 at 11:11am: the maithili language is the best language & so sweet really very sweetest language of the india and also diciplined

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